PERFORMANCE AND DIMENSIONS
crystalline solar cells provide an open circuit voltage of 0.5 volts or so, regardless of how large they are.
The power produced is about 0.25 amps (250 milliamps) per square inch cell. The cells of a panel are connected in series to obtain the desired voltage, but like batteries connected in series, that connection does not increase its power generating capacity. For example, a panel with five-inch 36 cells produce about 18 volts can produce a current of 5 amps, which means a power of 90 watts (the power is the result of voltage by the current intensity).
PHASES OF THE DAY
specific power panel is available only when the sun reaches its highest point and sunlight falls full and no angle on the panel, the rest of the day the panel generates a lower amount of current. To approximate the performance of a panel installed horizontally on our boat, we can not expect more than what amounts to maximum performance for four hours, ie a panel that specifies an output of 5 amps provide about 20 amp-hours in a day sunny. When choosing a solar panel takes into account you'll need at least 14.4 volts at the time of maximum insolation, which as discussed below, is when the maximum temperature reached
TEMPERATURE
efficiency solar cells lose voltage when its temperature rises. For every increase of 6 º C, performance decreases by about 3%. No wonder that a solar panel available in summer temperatures above 50 º C, causing a voltage reduction of 15%
SELF-REGULATION
panels self-regulated are those with fewer cells (30 or 33 ) and thus produce a voltage that can be applied directly to charging 12 volts. Unfortunately, the voltage drop caused by the increase in temperature makes them ineffective compared with panels of 36 cells. If you plan to sail in tropical and temperate latitudes, choose panels with 36 cells.
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